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采用组织切片及类固醇激素含量测定等方法,研究青虾Macrobrachium nipponense幼虾发育第1~31d的精巢、卵巢及促雄腺发育的起始时间、发育过程及成熟时间。结果表明:青虾幼虾发育到第10d(PL10)时促雄腺呈索状结构开始发育,随后经历增殖期(PL10)、合成期(PL13)和分泌期(PL19)3个发育阶段发育成熟,形成完整的促雄腺。青虾精巢和卵巢均在幼虾发育第13d(PL13)开始发育,精巢形成不规则排列的精原细胞,而卵巢生殖上皮开始分化为椭圆或多边形的卵原细胞。精巢经精原细胞期(PL13)、精母细胞期(PL16)、精细胞期(PL19)和精子期(PL22)4个发育阶段成熟,此时成熟的精巢生精小管内充满成熟的精子。卵巢经卵原细胞期(PL13)、初级卵母细胞期(PL16)、次级卵母细胞期(PL16)和卵子期(PL19)4个时期发育成熟,此时卵巢充满成熟卵子。从PL1到PL22,睾酮分泌量逐渐增加,维持在稳定水平至PL25后逐渐下降;从PL1到PL19,17β-雌二醇的分泌量逐渐增加,维持在稳定水平至PL25后逐渐下降。本研究显示:促雄腺与精巢发育过程均持续10d,但促雄腺早于精巢3d开始发育和成熟,这可为性别和生殖相关基因的筛选及性别调控机制的研究提供参考。
Tissue sections and determination of steroid hormones were used to study the onset, development and maturation of testis, ovary and gonadal development of juvenile shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense from the first day to the 31st day. The results showed that juveniles of young shrimp developed procollagen-like structure at the 10th day (PL10), and then matured in three developmental stages of PL10, PL13 and PL19 , Forming a complete males. The testis and ovary of young shrimp were all developed on the 13th day (PL13) of juvenile shrimp development. The testes formed irregularly arranged spermatogonia and the ovary reproductive epithelium began to differentiate into oval or polygonal oogonia. The testis matured in four developmental stages of spermatogonia (PL13), spermatocyte (PL16), spermatophore (PL19) and spermatogenesis (PL22). At this time, the mature seminiferous seminiferous tubules were filled with mature spermatozoa. The ovary matures at 4 stages of PL13, PL16, PL16 and PL19, in which case the ovary is full of mature eggs. From PL1 to PL22, testosterone secretion gradually increased and maintained at a steady level to PL25 gradually decreased; from PL1 to PL19, 17β-estradiol secretion gradually increased, maintained at a steady level to PL25 and then decreased. This study shows that the development process of both male and female testes lasted for 10 days, but the development of progeny glands started earlier than that of the testis 3d, which provided a reference for the screening of sex and reproductive-related genes and the study of gender regulation.