论文部分内容阅读
目的研究客运汽车驾驶员的驾驶适宜性,对比安全驾驶员和事故倾向性驾驶员在心理素质方面的差异。方法运用速度知觉、深度知觉、综合反应时和双手调节仪等仪器,卡特尔16PF人格量表和状态-特质焦虑量表对云南省362名专职客运汽车驾驶员的驾驶适宜性进行检测。结果有肇事经历驾驶员在选择反应时、四肢反应时和双手协调时间3个指标上显著快于无肇事经历驾驶员(t=-3.5,-3.0;P<0.001;t=-2.4,P<0.05);在稳定性、有恒性、自律性3种人格因子上显著低于无肇事经历驾驶员(t=-2.3,-2.4,P<0.05;t=-3.6,P≤0.001),在忧虑性、紧张性、适应与焦虑型3个人格特质上都显著高于无肇事经历驾驶员(t=2.4,P<0.05;t=4.3,3.6;P<0.001);在状态焦虑和特质焦虑两项因子上均高于无肇事经历驾驶员(t=2.4,2.3;P<0.05)。结论安全驾驶员的心理素质优于事故倾向性驾驶员,反应时、人格特点和焦虑指标对客运汽车驾驶员的选择具有重要的参考意义。
Aim To study the driving suitability of the driver of a passenger car and compare the differences of the psychological qualities between the driver who is a safe driver and the driver who is prone to the accident. Methods The suitability of 362 full-time passenger car drivers in Yunnan Province was tested using instruments such as speed perception, depth perception, integrated reaction time and two-hand adjustor, cartel 16PF personality scale and state-trait anxiety scale. The results of the accident experience the driver in the choice of response, limb response and coordination time of three hands was significantly faster than the driver without incident (t = -3.5, -3.0; P <0.001; t = -2.4, P < 0.05). In the three personality factors of stability, constant and self-discipline, they were significantly lower than those without driver experience (t = -2.3, -2.4, P <0.05; t = -3.6, P≤0.001) The three personality traits of sexuality, stress, adaptation and anxiety were significantly higher than those without driver (t = 2.4, P <0.05; t = 4.3,3.6; P <0.001) The factors were higher than those without driver experience (t = 2.4, 2.3; P <0.05). Conclusions The safety of driver is better than that of accident-prone drivers. Response, personality and anxiety are important reference for the choice of driver of passenger car.