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红外探测器是各类红外系统的心脏。它的发展经历了从单元到多元、从低级到高级的辩证发展过程。目前,焦平面列阵技术是红外探测器的研究前沿,同时,人们对各种新型红外探测器的探索,将为未来红外探测技术的进一步发展开辟广阔的前景。本文回顾了红外探测器的发展历史;简要介绍了各类红外探测器的原理、性能及发展水平;最后对各类新型红外探测器的研究进行了展望。
Infrared detectors are the heart of various infrared systems. Its development has undergone a dialectical development from unit to unitary, from low to high. At present, the focal plane array technology is the frontier of infrared detectors. At the same time, the exploration of various new infrared detectors will open up a broad prospect for the further development of infrared detection technologies in the future. This paper reviews the history of the development of infrared detectors, briefly introduces the principle, performance and development level of various types of infrared detectors. Finally, the prospect of all kinds of new infrared detectors is prospected.