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补体系统作为机体固有免疫系统的一部分，在吞噬异源物、清除免疫复合物和凋亡细胞以及参与获得性免疫等方面起着重要的作用。补体系统的异常与感染、自身免疫系统疾病、肿瘤等多种疾病密切相关。近年来，随着对补体系统的深入研究和分子生物学技术的不断发展，补体系统药物的开发逐渐活跃，涉及多种补体系统相关的疾病。本文主要从补体系统的组成、补体系统与疾病的关系以及补体系统药物研发现状等方面进行论述。“,”The complement system is a powerful effector arm of innate immunity, which have the roles in phagocytosis of foreign elements, solubilization of immune complexes, apoptotic cell clearance and enhance of humoral immune responses.Dysregulation of complement activity has been connected to various disease including infections, autoimmune diseases and cancers.These triggered a broad of candidates acting at complement activation are currently in clinical development.This review will provide an overview of complement system and related diseases , and update recent development in complement-targeted drug discovery.