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成长教育小说(Bildungsroman)发源于18世纪晚期的德国古典主义时期,歌德的《威廉·迈斯特的学习时代》(Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre)是这种小说形式的开山之作。成长教育小说的情节主题是关于青春与成长的问题,而这一主题的丰富性和意义在青春的时间性中得到充分展现。本文通过分析成长教育小说的几部经典文本,来解析青春与时间的关系,以及这种小说形式内部的张力。
Bildungsroman grew up in the late eighteenth century German classicism, and Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre was the fictional mountain. The theme of the plot of growth education novels is about the issue of youth and growth, and the richness and significance of this theme are fully demonstrated in the temporal nature of youth. By analyzing several classic texts of educational novels, this paper analyzes the relationship between youth and time, as well as the internal tension of this novel form.