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目的运用3D数字模型观察前牙区牙齿大小的特征。方法选取汉族(蒙古人种)青少年正畸患者66例,其中男32例,女34例,11~14岁,平均12.8岁。制取上下牙牙合印模,通过电子扫描技术获得3D数字模型,对上下前牙区牙齿临床冠的高度、宽度和厚度进行测量,观察大小变化规律及其对正畸治疗效果的影响。结果正畸患者前牙Bolton指数略大于高加索人种均值(P<0.05);上颌侧切牙和下颌中切牙对前牙区Bolton指数的变化影响最大;上颌侧切牙舌侧边缘嵴厚度变化最大;同名上颌侧切牙和下颌中切牙临床冠宽度有一定差异;同名上颌尖牙及下颌尖牙临床冠高度有一定差异。结论前牙区牙齿大小有一定变化规律,Bolton指数在不同人种间有一定差异,影响前牙美学及良好咬合关系的建立,从而对正畸疗效稳定产生作用。
Objective To observe the characteristics of anterior teeth area size using 3D digital model. Methods 66 cases of orthodontics were selected from Han (Mongoloid) adolescents, including 32 males and 34 females, ranging from 11 to 14 years with an average of 12.8 years old. The upper and lower occlusal impressions were obtained. The 3D digital model was obtained by electronic scanning technique. The height, width and thickness of the crown in the upper and lower anterior teeth were measured. The changes of the size and the effect on orthodontic treatment were observed. Results The Bolton index of anterior teeth of orthodontic patients was slightly larger than that of Caucasians (P <0.05). The effects of maxillary and mandibular incisors on the Bolton index of maxillary maxillary incisors were greatest. The same name of the maxillary lateral mandibular incisors and mandibular incisors clinical crown width has a certain difference; the same name maxillary canine and mandibular canine clinical crown height are some differences. Conclusion There is a certain variation in tooth size in the anterior teeth area. The Bolton index has some differences among different races and affects the establishment of aesthetics and good occlusal relationship of the anterior teeth, which has an effect on the stability of orthodontic treatment.