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西部地区是我国的能源富集省份,也是我国经济欠发达地区。本文选择我国西部煤、石油和天然气等产业为研究样本,对我国西部能源产业的技术溢出效应进行了比较分析,并且对其技术溢出效应是否提高制造业的生产率进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:①我国西部石油天然气产业和煤炭产业虽然都对关联制造业产生了技术溢出效应,但是石油天然气产业对关联制造业产生的技术溢出效应是煤炭产业的5倍;②我国西部石油天然气产业和煤炭产业的技术溢出效应对制造业全要素生产率的影响是不同的,石油天然气产业的影响是正的,煤炭产业的影响是负的;③能源产业的繁荣不可避免的对制造业的资本、劳动以及科技的投入产生挤出效应,但是能源产业产生的技术溢出效应也会带来制造业全要素生产率的提升。因此,只要能源产业对制造业正面的技术溢出效应超过负面的“挤出”效应,能源富集地区的“资源诅咒”陷阱还是可以规避的。
The western region is an energy-rich province of our country and also an underdeveloped region of our country. This paper chooses the industries of coal, oil and natural gas in the west of our country as a sample to conduct a comparative analysis of the technology spillover effects of the western energy industry in our country and empirically tests whether the technology spillover effect enhances the manufacturing productivity. The results show that: (1) although the oil and gas industry in western China and the coal industry all have a technological spillover effect on the related manufacturing industries, the technology spillover effect of the oil and natural gas industry on the related manufacturing industries is five times that of the coal industry; (2) The technological spillover effect of industry and coal industry has different effects on total factor productivity of manufacturing industry, the impact of oil and natural gas industry is positive, and the impact of coal industry is negative. ③ The prosperity of energy industry inevitably affects the manufacturing capital, Labor and technology investment have a crowding-out effect, but the technology spillover effect from the energy industry will also bring about an increase in the total factor productivity of manufacturing industry. Therefore, as long as the positive spillover effect of the energy industry on manufacturing industry outweighs the negative “crowding out” effect, the “resource curse” trap of energy-rich regions can still be circumvented.