本文认为 ,研究所有制要结合现实社会生产力、分工和交往关系的发展程度 ,深入考察劳动组织形式的变化 ,才能得出科学的结论。判断企业的所有制性质 ,应以企业生产过程的实际状态为依据 ,而不能简单地由生产资料的归属或控股权的所有制性质决定。社会主义所有制的基本性质是社会所有制 ,但迄今为止社会所有制还没有在人类历史上普遍出现过。社会所有制是生产资料的社会所有与个人所有的统一 ,即社会所有制必须保障个人的物质利益和经济权利。股份制在不改变资本终极所有权的同时 ,使资本愈来愈在法人层次上具有社会资本的性质 ,因此 ,是社会所有制的初级形式 This paper argues that it is necessary to combine the reality of social productivity, division of labor with the development of social relations and examine the changes in the form of labor organizations in order to draw scientific conclusions. Judging the nature of the ownership of an enterprise should be based on the actual state of the enterprise’s production process and not simply on the ownership of the means of production or on the ownership of the controlling interest. The basic nature of socialist ownership is social ownership, but so far social ownership has not yet occurred in human history. Social ownership is the unity of all and all individuals in the society of the means of production. That is, social ownership must protect the material and economic rights of individuals. The shareholding system, while not changing the ultimate ownership of capital, makes the capital more and more socially capitalistic at the legal entity level and is therefore the primary form of social ownership