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家族企业治理模式问题的根源在于信任机制的建立。在家族企业成长过程中,不同的发展阶段需要不同信任机制匹配的治理模式,但目前鲜有研究对不同阶段信任机制匹配的作用进行考察。本文基于初始阶段与持续阶段的信任机制匹配的角度将家族企业治理模式分为亲缘型家族企业治理模式、礼法型家族企业治理模式、交往型泛家族企业治理模式、契约型泛家族企业治理模式,通过构建这四类家族企业网络仿真模型,比较发现:礼法型家族企业治理模式具有最好的资源交换效率,契约型泛家族企业治理模式具有较好的资源交换效率和较好的公平性,亲缘型家族企业和交往型泛家族企业治理模式的资源交换效率则较低。本文运用网络聚类系数、网络中心性、关系强度等整体社会网络特征分析了影响资源交换效率的原因。在此基础上,将家族企业治理模式演进总结为礼法化、泛家族化和契约化三个阶段。这对目前处于代际传承高峰期的中国家族企业有重要指导意义。
The root cause of the problem of family business governance model is the establishment of trust mechanism. In the process of family business growth, different stages of development require different governance models that match different trust mechanisms. However, few studies currently examine the role of trust mechanism matching in different stages. Based on the perspective of matching the trust mechanism between the initial stage and the continuous stage, this paper divides the family corporate governance model into a family-friendly corporate governance model, a courtesy-family corporate governance model, an interlinked corporate family governance model, and a contractual corporate governance model. Through the construction of these four types of family enterprise network simulation models, it was found that the governance model of courtesy and family law has the best resource exchange efficiency, and the corporate governance model of contract family has better resource exchange efficiency and fairness. The efficiency of resource exchange between the family-owned enterprises and the family-owned Pan-family corporate governance model is relatively low. This paper analyzes the reasons that influence the efficiency of resource exchange by using the characteristics of the overall social network such as clustering coefficient, network centricity, and relationship strength. On this basis, the evolution of family business governance model is summarized into three stages: ritual law, pan-family and contractualization. This has important guiding significance for Chinese family businesses that are currently at the peak of intergenerational transmission.