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利用X-射线小角度散射法测定颗粒的尺寸及其分布已经是众所周知并得到广泛应用的方法,但是,利用该方法测定多孔材料的孔径及其分布还没有得到普遍的重视和应用。本文是利用X-射线小角度散射法进行离子交换树脂孔尺寸测定的初步尝试,目的是为以后用此法测定溶胀态下离子交换树脂的孔结构打下基础,而溶胀态下树脂的孔结构这个有重大实际意义的课题是用其它方法,比如压汞法,吸附法和BET等方法很难解决并且直到现在还没有解决的一个问题。文中主要叙述方法的理论基础,实验布置及部分干态下树脂平均孔径及其分布均结果,重点讨论克拉基小角散射装置的特点和实验方法。
Determination of the size and distribution of particles by the X-ray small-angle scattering method is a well-known and widely used method. However, the determination of the pore size and distribution of the porous material by this method has not been given a general attention and application. This article is a preliminary attempt to determine the pore size of ion-exchange resins by the X-ray small-angle scattering method. The purpose of this article is to lay a foundation for later determination of the pore structure of the ion-exchange resin in the swollen state by this method. The pore structure of the resin in the swollen state The subject of great practical significance is a problem which is difficult to solve by other methods such as mercury intrusion method, adsorption method and BET method and has not been solved until now. The article mainly describes the theoretical basis of the method, the experimental arrangement and the results of the average pore size and the distribution of the resin in the partially dry state, focusing on the characteristics and experimental methods of Clarke small angle scattering device.