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目的调查北京社区人群脑卒中相关危险因素和认知情况,为加强北京市社区居民的健康干预提供依据。方法于2007年6月至8月,采用整群抽样方法,对北京10 054名社区居民进行问卷调查、体格检查及空腹血浆血糖、血脂检测。结果 10 054名被调查者脑卒中患病率为4.78%,其中男性6.08%,女性4.02%,并伴有随年龄增高趋势。多因素Logistic回归显示年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体重指数、工作强度、血脂、高血压、ABI是脑卒中患病的危险因素。超重、肥胖伴有高血压、高血脂、踝肱指数(ABI)异常者患脑卒中的危险性是同龄健康者的4.541倍(95%CI 2.187～9.432)。高血压患者知晓率仅50.8%,血脂异常患者知晓率仅13.0%。结论北京市居民脑卒中患病率高,脑卒中相关危险因素患病率高、知晓率低。应加强对社区居民进行健康教育和健康促进。
Objective To investigate the risk factors and cognition of stroke in Beijing community and to provide basis for strengthening community health intervention in Beijing. Methods A total of 10 054 residents in Beijing from June to August 2007 were investigated by questionnaires, physical examination, fasting plasma glucose and serum lipids. Results The prevalence rate of stroke in 10 054 respondents was 4.78%, of which 6.08% for males and 4.02% for females, accompanied by an increasing trend with age. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, working intensity, blood lipids, hypertension and ABI were the risk factors of stroke. The risk of stroke in overweight and obesity patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and abnormal ankle brachial index (ABI) was 4.541 times (95% CI 2.187-9.432) of the same age. The rate of awareness of hypertension was only 50.8% and that of dyslipidemia was only 13.0%. Conclusion The prevalence of stroke in Beijing residents is high, the prevalence of risk factors associated with stroke is high, and the awareness rate is low. We should strengthen community health education and health promotion.