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目的观察镜检法(trichinelloscopy)与贝氏法(Baermann’s technique)对肉类中旋毛虫成囊前幼虫(pre-encap-sulated larvae,PEL)检验的效果。方法将80只昆明小鼠随机分为8组(每组10只),每只感染旋毛虫肌幼虫300条,感染后14～21d每天剖杀1组,应用贝氏法检查小鼠肌肉中的PEL(9～16日龄),用镜检法检查膈肌中的PEL,用ELISA检测鼠血清抗旋毛虫抗体。另取12只小鼠,用于观察消化法对旋毛虫感染后17～19d(12～14日龄)PEL存活率的影响。结果小鼠感染旋毛虫后14和15d镜检法幼虫检出率分别为50.0%和89.0%,感染后16～21d检出率均为100%。感染后14～21d贝氏法的检出率均为100%;ELISA检测血清抗体阳性率为11.1%～40.0%。感染后14d贝氏法的PEL检出率与镜检法比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.333,P<0.05);观察期间ELISA检测的抗体阳性率均显著低于镜检法和贝氏法的幼虫检出率(χ2=18.9,P<0.05)。感染后17～19d,小鼠肌肉消化4h的幼虫存活率均明显低于消化1h的存活率(χ127=117.56,χ128=37.48,χ219=96.73,P均<0.05)。结论旋毛虫感染后17～19d的成囊前幼虫不能完全抵抗胃蛋白酶的消化作用;对肉类中旋毛虫成囊前幼虫的检疫效果,贝氏法优于镜检法。
Objective To observe the effect of trichinelloscopy and Baermann’s technique on the detection of pre-encap-sulated larvae (PEL) in meat. Methods Eighty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 8 groups (10 in each group), each infected with 300 Trichinella spiralis larvae. One group was sacrificed daily from 14 to 21 days after infection. PEL (9 to 16 days old), check the PEL in the diaphragm by microscopy, and detect the anti-Trichinella antibody in the serum by ELISA. Another 12 mice were used to observe the effect of digestion on the survival rate of PEL from 17 to 19 days (days 12 to 14) after Trichinella spiralis infection. Results The detection rates of microscopic larvae in mice after infection with Trichinella on the 14th and 15th days were 50.0% and 89.0%, respectively. The detection rates were 100% from 16 to 21 days after infection. The detection rate of Bessie’s method was 100% from 14 to 21 days after infection. The positive rate of serum antibody from ELISA was 11.1% to 40.0%. The detection rate of PEL at 14 days after infection was significantly lower than that of microscopic examination (χ2 = 5.333, P <0.05). The positive rate of ELISA detected by ELISA was significantly lower than that of microscopy and Bayesian The larval detection rate (χ2 = 18.9, P <0.05). After 17 to 19 days of infection, the survival rate of the larvae in mice muscle digested 4h were significantly lower than the survival rate of digestion 1h (χ127 = 117.56, χ128 = 37.48, χ219 = 96.73, P <0.05). Conclusion The pre-larvae of 17-19 days after Trichinella spiralis infection can not completely resist the digestion of pepsin. The quarantine effect on Trichinella spiralis larvae in meat is better than that of microscopic examination by Bayesian method.