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为了揭示弯曲河流颈口裁弯的各种不同模式与内在复杂性,通过判读正裁弯和已裁弯的大量河湾遥感影像,将颈口裁弯分为3种不同力学模式,即崩岸模式、冲切模式和串沟模式,运用力学分析的方法探讨了不同裁弯模式的形成条件、过程与机理。崩岸模式是相当窄的颈口两侧河岸发生崩岸或单侧崩岸引起颈口上下游水流贯通。冲切模式是最普遍的颈口裁弯方式,其过程分为漫滩水流表面冲刷、形成沟槽后集中冲刷和沟槽达到稳定。串沟模式是初次洪水漫滩冲刷形成串沟,后续洪水沿串沟继续冲刷,且以溯源冲刷为主,直至形成新河槽。
In order to reveal the different modes and internal complexity of bending the river mouth of curved river, three kinds of different mechanics modes, namely bank collapse Mode, punching mode and tandem groove mode. The formation conditions, process and mechanism of different cutting modes are discussed by means of mechanics analysis. Collapse bank mode is quite narrow neck bank on both sides of the bank collapse or unilateral collapse caused by upstream and downstream neck flow through. Die-cutting mode is the most common neck cutting method, the process is divided into flood surface erosion, the formation of grooves after the intensive erosion and trench to stabilize. Chuangou mode is the first flood floodplain scouring the formation of tandem, follow-up flood along the tandem gorges continue to scour, and traceability scour until the formation of a new channel.