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价值链嵌入位置对出口产品质量、出口产品复杂度的影响机制关乎一国贸易政策以及国内产业结构调整和全球分工战略制定。文章基于需求侧“技术复杂度偏好”这一视角考察价值链嵌入位置差异对一国出口产品复杂度的影响。使用UN COMTRADE(1998~2014年)6位数贸易数据和WIOD(1995~2011年)国家-行业水平经济指标及投入产出表数据,测算了基于全球生产分工下的出口复杂度和价值链中要素供给侧上游度、产品需求侧下游度。研究发现,供给侧以及需求侧嵌入位置均与出口产品复杂度显著正相关;出口产品复杂度随出口目的国人均收入递增;全球价值链嵌入位置与出口目的国人均收入之间交互项为负,当出国目的国为高收入国家时,行业在全球价值链上的嵌入位置更加靠近最终产品使用端。进一步的研究发现,金融危机对低复杂度行业的影响更显著,有助于分工的进一步深化和国家间转移。
The impact mechanism of the embedding position of the value chain on the quality of export products and the complexity of export products is related to the trade policy of a country as well as the adjustment of domestic industrial structure and the formulation of a global division of labor strategy. Based on the demand side “technical complexity preference ”, this paper investigates the impact of the differences in value chain embedding positions on the complexity of export products in a country. Based on 6-digit trade data from UN COMTRADE (1998-2014) and WIOD (1995-2011) country-level economic indicators and input-output data, we calculate the export complexity and value chain based on the global production division Factor supply side upstream degree, product demand side downstream degree. The results show that both the supply side and the demand side are significantly and positively related to the complexity of export products. The complexity of export products increases with the per capita income of exporting countries. The interaction between the global value chain embedded position and per capita income of export destination countries is negative, When the country of destination is a high-income country, the industry’s position of embedding in the global value chain is closer to the end-use product. Further research finds that the financial crisis has a more significant impact on the low-complexity industries, contributing to the further deepening of the division of labor and the shift among countries.