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被邓小平同志誉为“异军突起”的乡镇企业,在我国实行改革开放以来的20余年间,不仅为农业和农村经济的发展,为扩大农民就业和增加收入做出了不可替代的巨大贡献,而且也已经成为整个国民经济增长中的一支重要生力军,它所创造的国民生产总值、提供的出口商品交货额、上缴国家的税收等,都已在整个国民经济的总量中占有不可忽视的地位。尤其值得称道的是,在1978年年底时,乡镇企业(当时被称作社队企业)中的从业人员仅有2700多万人,而如今,乡镇企业的从业人员已达到了1.29亿多人。在短短的20余年间,乡镇企业为农村的剩余劳动力提供了1亿多的新增就业岗位,这样的历史功绩,是怎么估价也不为过的。毫无疑问,如果没有这20余年乡镇企业对农业剩余劳动力的大规模吸纳,农业和农村的发展、农民的富裕和农村社会的稳定,显然都是不可想象的。
The township and township enterprises that have been hailed by Comrade Deng Xiaoping as “a sudden emergence” have made irreplaceable contributions not only to the development of agriculture and the rural economy, but also to the expansion of peasant employment and the increase of income. It has also become an important new force in the growth of the entire national economy. The gross national product it creates, the amount of export goods it provides, and the taxes paid to the state have all been in the total national economy. Ignored status. What is particularly commendable is that, at the end of 1978, there were only 27 million people working in township and village enterprises (known as social enterprise at that time). Today, the number of employees of township and village enterprises has reached more than 129 million. In a short period of more than 20 years, township and village enterprises provided more than 100 million new jobs for the surplus labor force in rural areas. This historical achievement cannot be overestimated. Undoubtedly, without the large-scale absorption of agricultural surplus labor by township and village enterprises in these 20 years, the development of agriculture and rural areas, the prosperity of farmers, and the stability of rural society are obviously unthinkable.