2002年《中共中央国务院关于进一步加强农村卫生工作的决定》要求在农村地区逐步建立新型农村合作医疗制度,截至2006年6月30日,全国开展新型农村合作医疗试点的县(市、区)达到1399个,占全国总县(市、区)的48.9%,共有3.96亿农民参加了新型农村合作医疗(以下简称“参合”)[1]。基 The Decision of the State Council of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Further Strengthening Rural Health Work in 2002 called for the gradual establishment of a new type of rural cooperative medical system in rural areas. As of June 30, 2006, the counties (cities and districts) that piloted the new-type rural cooperative medical system across the country reached Accounting for 48.9% of the total counties (cities and districts) in the country. A total of 396 million farmers participated in the new-type rural cooperative medical care (hereinafter referred to as “participation”) [1]. base