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目的分析南京市社区高血压病患者参加自我管理小组活动前后自我效能改变情况,对影响因素进行分析,为高血压病社区防治和管理提供参考依据。方法于2015年4—6月,从南京市11区31个街道(乡镇)40个社区招募自愿参加高血压病患者自我管理小组活动的参与者;2015年9—10月,通过开展高血压病患者自我管理小组活动进行干预。分别在基线(活动前)和活动后6个月,以自身前后对照的问卷调查方法收集基本信息和自我效能得分情况,采用多重线性回归分析干预效果的影响因素。结果参加自我管理小组活动后自我效能总得分为(46.69±8.95)分高于活动前(40.29±11.50),差异有统计学意义(t=12.8,P<0.05)。文化程度高和家庭人均月收入高的高血压病患者活动干预前后自我效能总分增加幅度较大(F=3.906,P<0.05)、(F=3.273,P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,对小组活动总体评价、内容评价非常满意、社区医生经常/每次参加均是自我效能得分增加的正向影响因素。结论高血压病自我管理小组活动可以提高患者的自我效能,小组活动内容和社区医生的参与程度等是影响高血压病患者自我效能提高的因素。
Objective To analyze the changes of self-efficacy of community-based hypertensive patients before and after participating in self-management group activities in Nanjing, and to analyze the influencing factors so as to provide a reference for community prevention and management of hypertension. Methods From April to June 2015, participants volunteered to participate in the self-management group of hypertensive patients from 40 communities in 31 streets (townships) in 11 districts of Nanjing City. From September to October 2015, Patient self-management group intervention. Baseline (pre-activity) and post-exercise 6 months, respectively, with their own control before and after the survey method to collect basic information and self-efficacy scores, the use of multiple linear regression analysis of the impact of intervention effects. Results The score of self-efficacy was (46.69 ± 8.95) points higher than that before exercise (40.29 ± 11.50), the difference was statistically significant (t = 12.8, P <0.05). The total self-efficacy scores of hypertensive patients with high education level and high per capita monthly income increased significantly (F = 3.906, P <0.05) before and after intervention (F = 3.273, P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the overall evaluation of the group activities, content evaluation is very satisfied, community doctor regular / each participation is a positive effect of self-efficacy score increases. Conclusion Hypertension self-management group activities can improve self-efficacy of patients, the content of group activities and the participation of community doctors are the factors that affect the self-efficacy of hypertensive patients.