流行性斑疹伤寒在我国已很少见,主要是散在性发生,男多于女,学龄儿童及青壮年较常见,个人卫生不好、生虱、与病人或生虱者接触易发病。常见家庭聚集发病现象。学生、农民、干部较常见。防治不力仍可酿成流行。临床表现有比过去轻化、病程缩短、并发症减少、预后好等变化。抗菌治疗如及时一般不会死亡。但误诊率较高,值得工作中注意。 Epidemic typhus has been rare in our country, mainly in scattered occurrence, more men than women, school-age children and young adults are more common, personal hygiene is not good, raw lice, contact with patients or children with lice susceptible to disease. Common family aggregation incidence phenomenon. Students, peasants and cadres are more common. Poor control can still lead to epidemic. Clinical manifestations than in the past light, shorter duration, fewer complications, good prognosis and other changes. Antibacterial treatment such as timely general will not die. However, the misdiagnosis rate is high, it is worth to pay attention to work.