民刑并存情形下合同效力的认定——从两则仲裁案件说起

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在仲裁的发展越来越深入的今天,越来越多的仲裁案件中开始出现刑事犯罪因素。例如:在双方当事人签订合同的过程中,一方当事人采取以合法形式掩盖非法目的的方法,即利用签订合同的方式实施诈骗行为,此时合同的效力应当如何去认定?在合同一方主体有法人的情况下,如果签订合同的为法定代表人,而法定代表人在签订合同的过程中存在违法犯罪行为,其所签订的合同的效力将如何去认定?以上两种情况笔者在办案过程中遇到的越来越多,也是比较具有典型意义的。由这些情况所引申出来的如何认定涉案合同效力的问题,对于公平公正的裁决具有非常重要的意义,因此对于刑事犯罪中所涉合同的效力的探讨便成为了仲裁实务上一个具有很强指导意义的话题。本文将从笔者所经办的案件入手,深入探讨包含犯罪因素的情况下合同效力的认定,以期为今后的仲裁实践提供更多的参考。 Today, as the development of arbitration deepens, more and more criminal cases begin to appear in arbitration cases. For example, in the process of signing the contract between the two parties, one of the parties adopts the method of concealing the illegal purpose by law, that is, using the way of signing the contract to implement the fraud, and at this time, how should the validity of the contract be determined? Under the circumstances, if the signing of the contract for the legal representative, and the legal representative in the process of signing the contract there is a criminal act, the effectiveness of the contract signed will be identified? The above two cases encountered in the process of handling the case More and more, is also more typical. It is of great significance for fair and equitable ruling how to determine the validity of the contract involved as derived from these circumstances. Therefore, the discussion on the effectiveness of the contract involved in criminal offenses has become a strong guiding principle in arbitration practice topic of. This article will start from the case I handle, in-depth discussion of the validity of the contract with the inclusion of criminal factors, with a view to providing more reference for future arbitration practice.
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19世纪英国法律史家梅因在其《古代法》中,曾这样概括人类历史的发展走势:“所有进步社会的运动,到此处为止,是一个‘从身份到契约’的运动。”但习惯了依附于“身份”的国人