心理决定行为,行为决定结果。清末预备立宪是一场自上而下的政治改革运动,各个阶层的心理、态度都会或多或少影响改革的结果。改革主导者清朝统治阶层的矛盾心理使预备立宪一直处于反复之中,没有取得实质性的进展;革命派排满心理和立宪派的实用心理使立宪运动频频受到阻碍,难以有计划的进行;民众的疏离心理使立宪如无根之木缺乏民生文化的土壤,终处孤立境地。这些心理影响下的行为都对预备立宪的失败负有不可推卸的责任。 Mental decision behavior, behavior decision result. Preparing for constitutional reform in the late Qing Dynasty is a top-down political reform movement, and the psychological and attitudes of all walks of life will more or less affect the outcome of the reform. The ambivalent psychology of the dominant ruling class in Qing Dynasty kept the preparatory constitutionalism repeated and made no substantive progress. The pragmatist psychology of the revolutionaries and the constitutionalists kept hurdles of the constitutional movement frequently and was difficult to carry out in a planned manner. The public The alienation of psychology made the constitutional government rooted in the soil that lacked people’s livelihood culture and finally isolated itself. All these behaviors under the psychological influence have an unshirkable responsibility for the failure of the preparatory constitutionalism.