随着绩效工资改革的实施,许多校长感觉学校愈来愈难领导,这主要来自两方面的原因:一是随着人们自由、平等、民主、法治、权利等意识不断增强,多元价值趋向下,强调规则的传统学校科层管理模式,已无法通过命令、控制、监督等手段对教师施加影响;二是绩效工资改革后,校长的财权、人事权、评价权等直接权力大部分丧失殆尽,原来依靠这些权力实行的交易式领导方式已无法运行。伯恩斯于1978年在其著作《领袖论》中谈道, With the implementation of the performance pay reform, many principals feel that the school is getting harder and harder to lead. This comes mainly from two reasons: First, as people’s consciousness of freedom, equality, democracy, the rule of law and rights continue to grow, diversified values ​​tend to go down, Second, after the performance-based wage reforms, the direct powers of the principal, such as the financial, personnel and evaluation rights, have been largely lost. In the meantime, Transactional leadership, which used to rely on these powers, is no longer operational. Burns talked about his theory of Leadership in 1978,