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对 1996～ 1999年广州市的出生缺陷监测资料进行了分析。结果 :各年的出生缺陷发生率分别为10 .32‰、 10 .17‰、 11.14‰、 11.5 1‰ ,其变化无明显差异 ,比 10年前的出生缺陷监测结果有明显下降 ;男婴的出生缺陷发生率明显高于女婴 ,产母年龄≥ 35岁是出生缺陷的高危因素 ,城镇与乡村孕母其子代出生缺陷发生率无显著差异 ;前 5位出生缺陷是多指趾、巴氏胎儿水肿综合征、先天性心脏病、唇裂合并腭裂、肢体短缩。建议 :1普及优生知识 ;2提高婚前医学检查质量和婚检率 ;3加强孕早期初筛高危管理和产前诊断工作 ;4开展唐氏综合征 (Ds)的血清筛查 ;5开展育龄妇女服用小剂量叶酸防止神经管畸形 ;6开展胎儿宫内治疗 ;7提高新生儿疾病筛查覆盖面 ;8加强对出生缺陷监测工作的管理等
The data of birth defects monitoring in Guangzhou from 1996 to 1999 were analyzed. Results: The incidence of birth defects in each year was 10.32‰, 10.17‰, 11.14‰, 11.5‰, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of birth defects, which was significantly lower than the monitoring results of birth defects 10 years ago. The incidence of birth defects was significantly higher than that of baby girls. The age of birth mothers ≥ 35 years was a high risk factor for birth defects. There was no significant difference in the incidence of birth defects between their mothers and rural pregnant mothers. The birth defects of the top five births were multi-finger and bar. Fetal edema syndrome, congenital heart disease, cleft lip with cleft palate, limb shortening. Recommendations: 1 to popularize excellent knowledge; 2 to improve premarital medical examination quality and premarital rate; 3 to strengthen early pregnancy screening of high-risk management and prenatal diagnosis; 4 carry out serum screening for Down’s syndrome (Ds); Low-dose folic acid prevents neural tube defects; 6 carries out intrauterine treatment; 7 improves coverage of neonatal screening; 8 strengthens management of birth defect monitoring, etc.