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本文用透明电解槽对金属铝在冰晶石一氧化铝熔液中的溶解及阳极效应进行了直接的观察,铝溶解时先放出大量细小的气泡,然后泛起蓝褐色的金属雾,一定时间后铝为一黑褐色结壳,所包裹熔液重新变清,电解后,金属雾很快消失,一旦停止电解,金属雾便重新从铝液上泛起,阳极效应时阳极上产生一股气流喷向阴极,认为铝的溶解形式主要是电化学溶解,阴极极化(电解)可以使铝的溶解得到抑制,阳极喷射则是由于阳极气体膜电离所致,使得电流效率降低。
In this paper, the transparent electrolyzer was used to directly observe the dissolution of aluminum and the anode effect in the cryolite-alumina melt. When the aluminum was dissolved, a large number of tiny bubbles were released first and then the blue-brown metal fog appeared. After a certain period of time Aluminum is a dark brown crust, the package melt re-clear, after electrolysis, the metal quickly disappeared, once the electrolysis stopped, the metal mist will re-start from the aluminum liquid, the anode effect when the anode produces an air jet To the cathode, the dissolved form of aluminum is considered to be mainly electrochemically dissolved. Cathodic polarization (electrolysis) can suppress the dissolution of aluminum, and the anode is sprayed due to the ionization of the anode gas membrane, resulting in a decrease in current efficiency.