厌氧菌大量存在于正常人体各腔道内,特别是肠道、口腔和阴道等处,和需氧菌共同构成这些器官的正常菌群,且占优势。但厌氧菌也在很多感染中起着非常重要的作用,其中一部份是单独感染,而大部分是与需氧菌混合感染。大量的研究发现,多数女性生殖道感染的致病菌为厌氧菌,当这些病原感染母亲后可引起宫内感染或在分娩时直接污染新生儿。婴儿室和NICU常规的操作有时亦可能促进感染的获得。一、新生儿厌氧菌的寄居分娩时新生儿经过产道,接触到母亲产 Anaerobic bacteria exist in a large number of normal human body cavity, especially the intestine, mouth and vagina, etc., and aerobic bacteria together constitute the normal flora of these organs, and dominant. However, anaerobic bacteria also play a very important role in many infections, some of which are isolated infections, most of which are mixed with aerobic bacteria. A large number of studies have found that the majority of female reproductive tract infections are anaerobic pathogens, which can cause intrauterine infection or directly contaminate newborns when they are infected. Routine handling of the infant’s room and NICU may also sometimes promote the acquisition of an infection. First, the neonatal anaerobic colonies during child birth through the birth canal, exposure to the mother