我国现代制笔工业诞生于20世纪20年代的上海。新中国成立初,上海制笔行业面临种种困境。经过国家的帮助与扶持,逐步好转并一度旺盛。但也开始出现一些问题,为解决这些问题,国家除了进行“五反”运动外,还依据私人业主的意愿进行私私合并、公私合营等。本文对这一时期的这些情形作一回顾。 China’s modern pen industry was born in the 1920s in Shanghai. At the beginning of the founding of new China, the pen industry in Shanghai faced various difficulties. After the state’s help and support, gradually improved and once strong. However, some problems began to emerge. In order to solve these problems, in addition to carrying out the “Five Anti-Incident” campaigns, the state also conducted private-private mergers and public-private partnerships according to the wishes of private owners. This article reviews these circumstances during this period.