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西方经济在长期“滞胀”后又陷入了新的危机。能否指望一场新的科技革命会给它带来生机呢? 资本主义历史上发生过三次技术革命,每次都推动了生产力飞速发展。战后的科技革命具有一系列新的特点,其广度、深度和速度以及对经济、社会生活的影响都超过了前两次。同时,它也使资本主义世界生产能力严重“过剩”,使生产的社会性和生产资料私人占有的矛盾进一步深化。目前可能推动西方经济发生变化的科技突破主要有四大项:电子技术、海底资源的开发利用、新能源、生物工业。但由于经济、社会、政治等方面的障碍和科技发展本身的规律,新的科技革命何时发生和规模多大,在八十年代还不可能找到肯定答案。
After a long period of “stagflation”, the western economy plunged into a new crisis. Can we expect a new revolution in science and technology to bring vitality to it? Three revolutions in capitalist history have taken place, each driving the rapid development of productive forces. The post-war scientific and technological revolution has a series of new features. Its breadth, depth and speed, as well as its impact on economy and social life, surpass the previous two. At the same time, it has also caused a serious “surplus” in the productive capacity of the capitalist world and further deepened the conflict between the social production and the private ownership of means of production. At present, there are mainly four major scientific and technological breakthroughs that may promote changes in the western economy: electronic technology, development and utilization of seafloor resources, new energy and bio-industry. However, it is impossible to find an affirmative answer in the 1980s due to the economic, social and political obstacles and the laws governing the development of science and technology, and when and how big the new scientific and technological revolution occurred.