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本文是西德焊接协会规范DVS2401-1“焊接接头的断裂力学评定规范”第一部分,第二部分是实际应用,正在准备中。根据断裂力学研究的最新成果,结合实际工程中可能出现的情况,阐明了焊接缺陷断裂力学评定的基本原理和具体方法。认为断裂力学在应用方面可以分为两大部分,即线弹性断裂力学和弹塑性断裂力学,并规定了它们的应用范围。为了便于实际应用,归纳出14种钢的裂纹扩展速率分散带,基本符合da/dN=C·(ΔK)的近似表达式。规范把实际缺陷大致分为六类,即裂纹、孔穴、夹杂物、带状缺陷(包括未焊透和缝隙)、形状缺陷和其他缺陷,但是在实际处理时均采用偏安全的方法。
This article is the first part of the normative DVS 2401-1 “Specification for Fracture Mechanics Assessment of Welded Joints” of West German Welding Society. The second part is practical application and is under preparation. According to the latest research results of fracture mechanics, combined with the actual project may arise, clarified the basic principles and specific methods of fracture mechanics assessment of welding defects. It is considered that fracture mechanics can be divided into two major parts in application, that is, linear elastic fracture mechanics and elasto-plastic fracture mechanics, and define their application range. In order to facilitate the practical application, the distribution of the crack growth rate of 14 kinds of steel is summarized, which is basically in line with the approximate expression of da / dN = C · (ΔK). The specification roughly divides the actual defects into six categories, namely cracks, cavities, inclusions, ribbon defects (including impermeability and cracks), shape defects and other defects, but in the actual treatment are used partial safety approach.