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明末清初社会批判思想运动和实学思潮的兴起,是王阳明心学由盛而式微和社会政治经济剧烈变动的必然结果。实学思潮,其“黜虚崇实”的基本特征表明其既有理论联系实际、实事求是的积极意义,也产生了贬低理性思维的作用的消极影响。本文试论证朱之瑜的思想属于实学思潮,并通过朱之瑜探讨明末清初实学思潮既未能高扬理性主义的精神,也未能超越原始儒学自然人性论和人生哲学的界限,从而不能完成启蒙和彻底批判宋明理学的任务。
The rise of the social critical ideological movement and the trend of real learning in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties is the inevitable result of Wang Yangming’s profound study of his mind and the drastic changes in social, political and economic conditions. The basic characteristics of “real learning” and its “virtual reality” show the positive influence of both existing theories and seeking truth from facts, as well as the negative impact of belittling the role of rational thinking. This article attempts to prove that Zhu Zhiyu’s thought belongs to the real-learning trend of thought, and Zhu Zhiyu explored that the real-learning ideological trend in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty failed neither to elevate the spirit of rationalism nor to transcend the boundaries between the original Confucianism’s theory of natural humanity and philosophy of life, thus failing to complete enlightenment and thorough criticism Song Ming Neo-Confucianism task.