柴胡为常用中药,自古以来以根入药,目前全国大部分地区仍然如此,但也有少部分地区有全草入药的习惯,个别地区单用夏季采收的地上部分入药。究竟柴胡地上部分与根部所含成分是否一致,能否以全草入药,本文结合古代有关文献记载及近代化学分析结果,提出一些意见,供有关方面参考。一、柴胡药用部位的本草考证柴胡始载于《神农本草经》,列为上品。唐代《千金翼方》中有柴胡使用时“去苗”的记载,后世医药学家一般皆照此沿用。窦汉卿在其《疮疡经验全书》中收 Bupleurum is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. It has been used as a root medicine since ancient times. This is still the case in most parts of the country. However, there are also a few areas that have the habit of using whole plants as herbs. In some areas, only the aerial parts collected in summer are used as medicine. Whether the composition of the upper part of Radix Bupleuri and that of the root is the same as that in the root, whether it can be used as a whole herb or not, this article combines the records of ancient related literature and the results of modern chemical analysis, and puts forward some opinions for reference by relevant parties. First, the medicinal herbs of Bupleurum. The textual research of Bupleurum is only contained in the “Shen Nong’s Herbal Classics” and is listed as top grade. In Tang Dynasty’s Qianjin Wing Fang, there was a record of “going seedlings” when used by Bupleurum, and later medical scientists generally followed suit. Dou Hanqing receives in his “Sore Experience Book”