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近年越来越多的研究表明肠道菌群与中枢神经系统之间也有着千丝万缕的联系,情绪状态的变化或应激能够改变肠道菌群的构成,而肠道菌群则能影响神经系统的发育,改变动物的行为,甚至有可能引发或者加重神经系统疾病.其机制可能与肠道菌群影响肠道通透性、细菌代谢产物的作用、影响血脑屏障通透性、调控神经递质、通过免疫系统介导以及迷走神经的调节等有关.“,”Recently,An increasing number of studies have suggested that interaction between gut microbiome and central nervous system is bidirectional.It is known that altered emotional state and chronic stress can change the composition of gut microbiome,while gut bacteria can impact neurological development,alter behavior and potentially affect the onset and/or severity of nervous system disorders.The review will expound the potential underlying mechanisms from the following several aspects:the effect of gut microbiota on Intestinal permeability,the effect of bacterial metabolites on the central,how the microbiome Influence blood brain barrier integrity,how the gut microbiota regulate neurotransmitter levels,how the microbial control neurological function by the immune system and whether the vagus nerve can act as a mediator of the effect of gut.