人们在科学教学实践中发现,学生即使可以解决复杂的计算题,但却在一些基本概念的理解和掌握上存在偏差.这种现象常常表现为要么生搬硬套地利用概念,要么放弃科学概念而倾向于直觉经验,要么不恰当地将两者联结起来.研究者从不同角度对学习者所持有的这些非科学观念冠以各种名词,如初始观念、前概念、错误观念、自有观念、迷思概念、直觉物理、相异构想等等.本文采用“前概念”的统一说法,认 People in science teaching practice found that even if students can solve complex computational problems, but there are deviations in the understanding and mastery of some basic concepts.This phenomenon is often manifested as either a cursive use of concepts or the abandonment of scientific concepts and tend to Intuitive experience, either inappropriately linking the two.These researchers put different nouns such as initial concept, preconception, false idea, self concept, fan Thinking concept, intuitionistic physics, dissimilar vision, etc. This article adopts the unified theory of “preconception ”