历史课堂注意新旧、虚实、正误等双方对立统一的关系,更有助于开阔学生视野,激发学生的情趣,提高学习的效率。历史课堂上新旧兼有、虚实同存、正误对比、宏观与微观兼顾等矛盾的方法,它们的表现形式和各自作用随着教学内容和教学目标的变化而确定。 The history class pays attention to the unity of opposites between the old and the new, the actual situation and the right and wrong. It also helps broaden students ’horizons, stimulate students’ interest and improve the learning efficiency. Both the old and the new in the history class, the coexistence of the true and the false, the comparison between the right and the wrong, the contradiction between macroscopic and microcosmic, their manifestations and their respective roles are determined by the changes of teaching contents and teaching objectives.