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中国大陆板块元古代以来的演化特点,是古大陆在多次解体多次联合过程中成长。每次从解体到联合,构成一个完整的“板块构造旋回”。经历元古代、古生代和中、新生代三次“板块构造旋回”活动的叠加,中国大陆板块形成了13个被活动造山带所围绕的稳定陆块。在西部以俯冲消减和碰撞作用为主,形成八个沟弧挤压碰撞隆起带和六个挤压沉降带,以聚敛型含油气盆地为主,构成了挤压隆起为主的含油气区;东部则以俯冲消减和大陆扩张作用为主,形成十个岩浆弧扩张隆起带和八个扩张沉降带,以扩张型含油气盆地为主,构成了扩张、沉降为主的含油气区。这些含油气区的含油气盆地中,以前寒武纪结晶陆块为基底的大型含油气盆地,多分布在沉降带上,是我国油气资源的主流;以古生代、中生代和新生代的褶皱带为基底的中小型含油气盆地,多分布在隆起带上,含油远景次之。中国大型含油气盆地,具有成因上的复合性、多期发展的叠合性、油气的多源性、油气层深理性和自然地理条件复杂性等五大特点。这些特点,表明中国不但是一个盛产石油的国家,也将是一个天然气资源十分丰富的国家。
Since the ancient Chinese plate meta-evolution characteristics of the ancient continent in many disintegration of many joint process of growth. Each time from disintegration to union, form a complete “tectonic rotation”. After the superposition of three Proterozoic, Paleozoic and Meso-Cenozoic “tectonic cycles”, 13 blocks of stable land surrounded by active orogenic belts were formed in the Chinese mainland. In the western area, subduction and collision are the main features, forming eight groove-arc extrusion collision uplift belts and six crushing subsidence belts, focusing on the convergent-type petroliferous basins, In the eastern part, subducted subduction and continental expansion dominated the formation of ten magmatic arc expansion uplifts and eight expansion subsidence zones, mainly in the dilapidated petroliferous basins, which formed the oil-bearing zones mainly dominated by expansion and subsidence. Among these petroliferous oil-bearing basins, the large petroliferous basins based on the Precambrian crystalline land blocks distributed in the subsidence zone are the mainstream of oil and gas resources in China. Taking the Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic fold belts as Basal small and medium-sized petroliferous basins, and more distributed in the uplift zone, followed by long-term oil. The large-scale petroliferous basins in China have five major characteristics, such as complex genesis, multi-period multi-source development, multi-source of oil and gas, deep rationalization of oil and gas layers and complexity of natural geography. These characteristics show that China is not only a country rich in oil, but also a country rich in natural gas resources.