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为评价高压氧对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）的疗效，尤其是远期效果，采用随机对照方法，对53例中，重度HIE病例进行了治疗研究，存活病例随访至1～7岁。治疗组27例，对照组26例，两组均给予综合治疗，治疗组加用高压氧。结果表明，治疗组神经系统症状消失天数短于对照组（t=3．654，P＜0．001）。预后：治疗组重度7例，死亡2例，轻度脑瘫1例，正常4例；对照组重度5例，死亡3例，智力低下2例，无1例正常。中度两组均无死亡及后遗症发生。研究结果提示，高压氧可缩短HIE患儿病程，对减少后遗症可能有帮助，在合理治疗下是安全的，是治疗HIE的一种很有希望的方法。
To evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), especially in the long-term, 53 patients with moderate to severe HIE were studied using a randomized controlled trial. Survival cases were followed up to 1-7 year old. Treatment group, 27 cases, control group, 26 cases, both groups were given comprehensive treatment, the treatment group with hyperbaric oxygen. The results showed that the number of days of disappearance of neurological symptoms in the treatment group was shorter than that in the control group (t = 3.654, P <0.001). Prognosis: The treatment group had 7 severe cases, 2 died, 1 mild cerebral palsy and 4 normal. In the control group, 5 were severe and 3 died. The mental retardation was in 2 cases and none was normal. No death and sequelae occurred in both groups. The results suggest that hyperbaric oxygen can shorten the course of HIE in children, may be helpful to reduce the sequelae, is safe in the reasonable treatment, is a promising method for the treatment of HIE.