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通过静态拉伸试验研究不同体积掺量的短切碳纤维、钢纤维、耐碱玻璃纤维及预应力对5层玄武岩织物增强水泥基复合材料(BTRC)拉伸性能的影响。试验结果表明:短切碳纤维、玻璃纤维可以提高基体和BTRC的开裂强度,且开裂强度随着碳纤维掺量的增加而增加;预应力使基体产生预压力,明显提高其开裂强度。短切纤维及预应力都显著提高BTRC的峰值荷载和韧性,但峰值应变基本不变;峰值荷载和韧性随着钢纤维掺量的增加而增加,体积分数为1.5vol%掺量时达到最大值;随着碳纤维掺量增加,峰值荷载和韧性先增加后减小,体积分数为1.0vol%掺量时最大。施加预应力且掺入短切碳纤维或钢纤维时,短切纤维增强的基体可以更好地承受张拉力释放后纤维束径向变形引起的环向应力,进一步提高了织物与基体界面的挤压作用力及摩擦力,从而增强效果最明显,峰值荷载分别增加50.4%和58.9%,韧性分别增加84.7%和79.5%。BTRC材料掺入短切玻璃纤维、钢纤维及施加预应力均可以增加其受力后的裂缝条数,减小裂缝间距和裂缝宽度。
The effects of different volumetric contents of chopped carbon fiber, steel fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber and prestress on the tensile properties of 5-layer basalt fabric reinforced cement-based composites (BTRC) were investigated by static tensile test. The test results show that the chopped carbon fiber and glass fiber can improve the cracking strength of matrix and BTRC, and the cracking strength increases with the increase of carbon fiber content. Prestressing makes pre-pressure on the matrix and obviously increases the cracking strength. The peak load and toughness of BTRC were significantly increased by chopped fiber and prestressing, but the peak strain was almost unchanged. The peak load and toughness increased with the increase of steel fiber content. The maximum value reached when the volume fraction was 1.5vol% ; With the increase of carbon fiber content, the peak load and toughness first increase and then decrease, the volume fraction of 1.0vol% maximum. When prestressing and incorporating chopped carbon fiber or steel fiber, the chopped fiber reinforced matrix can better withstand the hoop stress caused by the radial deformation of the fiber bundle after the tension is released, which further improves the extrusion of the interface between the fabric and the matrix Force and friction, which enhance the most obvious effect, the peak load increased by 50.4% and 58.9%, respectively, toughness increased 84.7% and 79.5%. The incorporation of chopped glass fiber, steel fiber and pre-stressed BTRC material into the BTRC material can increase the number of cracks and reduce the crack spacing and crack width.