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目的了解0~7月龄婴儿麻疹母传抗体衰减规律。方法选取开封市0~7月龄,未患过麻疹的本地常住婴儿及其居住地附近18~35岁健康女性作为研究对象。采用血清流行病学方法进行麻疹抗体变化规律研究,利用SPSS 20.0进行统计学分析,两组间抗体水平的比较采用t检验,不同组别间抗体阳性率的比较采用χ2检验进行,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 0~7月龄婴儿的抗体阳性率为42.75%,育龄期女性抗体阳性率为94.38%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.54,P=0.03)。0月龄婴儿麻疹抗体阳性率81.91%,7月龄抗体阳性率11.67%,随着月龄的增长而降低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=136.51,P<0.01)。0~7月龄婴儿血清抗体浓度(GMC)为86.99IU/L,0月龄婴儿GMC为370.43IU/L,7月龄婴儿GMC为17.41IU/L,各月龄间抗体水平差异有统计学意义(F=19.01,P<0.01)。育龄期女性GMC为694.54IU/L,18~28岁589.92IU/L,29~35岁816.65IU/L,差异有统计学意义(t=10.72,P<0.01)。0~7月龄婴儿中,麻疹抗体主要以易感水平57.25%(296/517)、低水平26.31%(136/517)为主,抗体保护率仅为16.44%(85/517);育龄女性麻疹抗体主要以中水平49.40%(123/249)、低水平44.18%(110/249)为主。结论 0~7月龄婴儿抗体保护率低,抗体水平随着月龄增加而降低,7月龄时几乎无保护作用,主要因育龄期女性抗体水平较低引起,消除麻疹工作需要采取综合性免疫预防策略。
Objective To understand the decay rule of maternal measles antibody in 0 ~ 7 months old infants. Methods Local residents aged 0-7 months without measles in Kaifeng City and healthy women aged 18-35 years living in the area were selected as the study subjects. Serological epidemiological methods were used to study the changes of measles antibody, and SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. The t-test was used to compare the antibody levels between the two groups. The positive rate of antibody in different groups was compared with χ2 test, P <0.05 The difference was statistically significant. Results The positive rate of antibody in females aged 0-7 months was 42.75%. The positive rate of females in childbearing age was 94.38%. There was significant difference (χ2 = 4.54, P = 0.03). The positive rate of measles antibody in 0-month-old infants was 81.91%, the positive rate of antibody in 7-month-old was 11.67%, and decreased with the increase of age. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 136.51, P <0.01). Serum antibody concentration (GMC) of 0 to 7 month-old infants was 86.99 IU / L, GMC of 0-month-old infants was 370.43 IU / L and GMC of 7-month-old infants was 17.41 IU / L. Significance (F = 19.01, P <0.01). Women of childbearing age GMC 694.54IU / L, 18-28 years old 589.92IU / L, 29-35 years old 816.65IU / L, the difference was statistically significant (t = 10.72, P <0.01). Among 0 ~ 7 months old infants, measles antibody was mainly susceptible level 57.25% (296/517), low level 26.31% (136/517), antibody protection rate was only 16.44% (85/517) Measles antibody mainly in the level of 49.40% (123/249), the low level of 44.18% (110/249) dominated. Conclusions The protection rate of antibody in 0 ~ 7 month-old infants is low, the antibody level decreases with the increase of age, and there is almost no protective effect at 7 months of age, mainly due to the low level of antibody in women of childbearing age. The elimination of measles requires comprehensive immunization Prevention strategy.