糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病常见的眼部并发症，已成为我国常见的致盲眼病之一。硫化氢是继一氧化碳和一氧化氮之后发现的第3个气体信号分子。大量研究表明，硫化氢在神经系统、循环系统、免疫系统及内分泌系统中均发挥着重要的生理病理作用。近期研究表明，硫化氢及其内生酶系参与了糖尿病及糖尿病并发症的病理过程。目前，已有一些研究通过细胞实验或动物模型实验验证了硫化氢在DR发生和发展过程中起保护作用，提示硫化氢对DR具有潜在的治疗作用。硫化氢可能通过抑制细胞凋亡、减轻氧化应激损伤和炎症反应、抑制自噬反应及神经保护等途径在DR中发挥重要的视网膜保护作用。本文就硫化氢在DR发病机制中的作用进行综述，以期为DR的治疗提供新的思路。“,”Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common and important ocular complication of diabetes and has become one of the leading blindness diseases in China.Hydrogen sulfide is the third gas signaling molecule found after carbon monoxide and nitric oxide.Numerous studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide plays an important physiopathologic role in the nervous system, circulatory system, immune system and endocrine system.Recent studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide and its endogenous enzymes are involved in the pathological process of diabetes and diabetic complications.At present, the protective effect of hydrogen sulfide in the development and progression of DR has been verified by some cell experiments and animal experiments.The protective effect of hydrogen sulfide may be realized through inhibiting apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, inhibiting autophagy and neuroprotection.The role of hydrogen sulfide in the pathogenesis of DR was reviewed in this article so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of DR.