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目的:研究野牡丹提取物(Melastoma candidum P.E,M.candidum P.E)对小鼠和大鼠血栓形成的影响。方法:(1)将40只昆明小鼠随机分成生理盐水组(10 ml.kg-1)、M.candidum P.E低剂量组(5 mg.kg-1)、M.candidum P.E高剂量组(10 mg.kg-1)和血栓通组(30 mg.kg-1),每组10只,通过小鼠腹腔分别注射生理盐水、M.candidum P.E或血栓通。各组用药后30 min,采用剪尾法和玻片法测定小鼠出血时间(BT)和凝血时间(CT)。(2)将32只SD大鼠随机分成生理盐水组(10 ml.kg-1)、M.candidum P.E低剂量组(10 mg.kg-1)、M.candidum P.E高剂量组(20 mg.kg-1)和血栓通组(30 mg.kg-1),每组8只,通过大鼠颈外静脉分别注射生理盐水、M.candidum P.E或血栓通。各组用药5 min后,用血栓生成仪测定大鼠5 min内的颈总动脉的平均阻塞率。结果:(1)小鼠M.candidum P.E低剂量组的BT[(3.25±0.45)min]和CT[(0.95±0.16)min]明显短于小鼠生理盐水组的BT[(7.17±1.80)min]和CT[(1.50±0.15)min],两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与生理盐水组比较,小鼠M.candidum P.E高剂量组的BT[(11.55±1.11)min]和CT[(2.30±0.24)min]、血栓通组的BT[(13.75±1.64)min]和CT[(2.10±0.31)min]均有延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与血栓通组比较,小鼠M.candidum P.E高剂量组的BT和CT差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)大鼠M.candidum P.E低剂量组的颈总动脉平均阻塞率[(86.56±1.54)%]明显高于生理盐水组[(63.15±9.74)%](P<0.05);大鼠M.candidum P.E高剂量组的颈总动脉平均阻塞率[(49.35±13.23)%]、血栓通组的颈总动脉平均阻塞率[(8.00±9.00)%]均较生理盐水组降低,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:低剂量M.candidum P.E有促凝血作用,高剂量M.candidum P.E有抗凝血作用。
Objective: To study the effect of Melastoma candidum P.E.M.andidum P.E on thrombosis in mice and rats. Methods: (1) 40 Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal saline group (10 ml.kg-1), M.candidum PE low dose group (5 mg.kg-1), M.candidum PE high dose group (30 mg · kg-1) and 10 rats in each group. The mice were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline, M.candidum PE or Xueshuantong. At 30 min after administration, the bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) of mice were measured by tail-cut method and slide method. (2) Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into saline group (10 ml.kg-1), M.candidum PE low dose group (10 mg.kg-1), M.candidum PE high dose group (20 mg. kg-1) and Xueshuantong (30 mg.kg-1). Eight rats in each group were injected with normal saline, M.candidum PE or Xueshuantong via external jugular vein. After 5 min in each group, the mean occlusion rate of common carotid artery in rats within 5 min was measured by thrombus generator. RESULTS: BT [(3.25 ± 0.45) min] and CT [(0.95 ± 0.16) min] in the M.candidum PE low dose group were significantly shorter than those in the saline group [7.17 ± 1.80] min] and CT [(1.50 ± 0.15) min], the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the saline group, BT [(11.55 ± 1.11 (2.30 ± 0.24) min] and CT [(2.30 ± 0.24) min], CT [(13.75 ± 1.64) min and CT (P> 0.05); (2) The average carotid artery occlusion in the M.candidum PE low dose group was not significantly different from that in the Xuanmaitong group (86.56 ± 1.54)%] was significantly higher than that in the saline group [(63.15 ± 9.74)%] (P <0.05). The average carotid artery occlusion rate in the M.candidum PE high dose group [(49.35 ± 13.23 )%], And the average blocking rate of common carotid artery in Xuesaitong group [(8.00 ± 9.00)%] was lower than that in normal saline group, but the differences were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Low dose M.candidum P.E has procoagulant effect and high dose M.candidum P.E has anticoagulant effect.