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本文主要以原发性高血压为对象,将高血压性肾损害分为良性肾硬化和恶性肾硬化,并就其临床和病理所见,以及疾病因素,结合文献和肾活检介绍如下。一、良性肾硬化症(一)临床所见:多数病例尿无异常,但有时见到尿沉渣有少数红细胞、白细胞、透明管型、颗粒管型。伴随血压上升的同时,出现蛋白尿。用RIA测定尿白蛋白时,多数未治疗的病例,其排泄量增加;经治疗后血压下降者,尿蛋白多减少,经统计舒张压在119mmHg以下的,蛋白尿占10%;120mmHg以上者,蛋白尿占41%。另据报道,曾有尿蛋白日达3g以上,表现为肾病综合征的嗜铬细胞瘤,但一般如此大量蛋白尿者少见。
This article mainly in patients with essential hypertension, hypertensive renal damage will be divided into benign and malignant nephrosclerosis, and its clinical and pathological findings, as well as disease factors, combined with literature and renal biopsy are described below. First, benign renal sclerosis (a) clinical findings: most cases of urine without exception, but sometimes see a small number of urinary sediment red blood cells, white blood cells, transparent tube, granular tube. Accompanied by an increase in blood pressure, proteinuria. Urine albumin with RIA, the majority of untreated cases, the excretion increased; after treatment, decreased blood pressure, urinary protein and more, the statistical diastolic blood pressure below 119mmHg, proteinuria accounted for 10%; 120mmHg above, Proteinuria accounted for 41%. According to another report, urinary protein had more than 3g, the performance of nephrotic syndrome pheochromocytoma, but in general such a large number of proteinuria are rare.