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沈括(公元1031—1095年)是我国十一世纪的杰出科学家。他利用各种机会深入社会下层调查研究,吸收了劳动人民的实践经验,在此基础上获得不少的科学成就,并在晚年把自己的实践和一部分劳动人民的发明创造写成《梦溪笔谈》一书(以下简称《笔谈》),成为我国和世界科学史上一部重要的著作,被誉为“中国科学史上的坐标”。沈括在科学上的成就是多方面的,然而他对生产实践和军事活动密切相关的气象学十分重视,曾化了不少精力从事调查和研究。
Shen Kuo (1031-1095 AD) is an outstanding scientist in China in the eleventh century. He used all kinds of opportunities to conduct in-depth investigations and studies in the lower classes of society and absorbed the practical experience of the working people. He gained many scientific achievements on this basis and wrote his own practice and the invention and creation of some working people in his later years as “Meng Xi Bi Tan Tan” A book (hereinafter referred to as “written discussion”), became China and the world an important book in the history of science, known as “the history of China’s science coordinates.” His achievements in science are manifold, yet he attaches great importance to meteorology, which is closely related to production practices and military activities, and has devoted much effort to investigation and research.