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制度是由人制定的规则,它抑制着人际交往中可能出现的任意行为和机会主义行为,对人们价值目标的实现有着巨大的影响。制度缺位主要包括三个层面:一是制度精神失灵;二是制度供给不足;三是制度执行失范。制度缺位会诱发人们的功利化行为取向。功利化行为取向的诱发机制是委托代理制度的失灵;功利化行为取向的根本成因是利益表达机制缺位;功利化行为取向的社会成因是道德约束制度弱化。
System is a rule set by human, which suppresses any behavior and opportunistic behavior that may appear in the interpersonal communication, and has a huge influence on the realization of people’s value goal. System absence mainly includes three levels: First, institutional failure; second, inadequate supply of the system; Third, the system is out of control. System vacancy will induce people’s utilitarian behavior orientation. The inducement mechanism of utilitarian behavior orientation is the failure of principal-agent system. The fundamental cause of utilitarian behavior orientation is the absence of interest expression mechanism. The social cause of utilitarian behavior orientation is the weakening of the moral restraint system.