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通过在蒸馏水中0～10℃条件下，在含Cu、Co、Ni和有机质溶液以及不同底质的合成海水中（常温常压）合成锰矿物。结果得出，初始锰矿物是黑锰矿；控制锰矿物形成的条件是，除必要的物质来源外，起决定作用的是形成环境的酸碱度和氧化还原电位。在含硅质粘土和钙质软泥的试管中产生三层沉淀物：上部层主要是菲细粒（粒径0．5～1.5μm）黑锰矿，中间层为菲细粒黑锰矿和黑锰矿微结核（粒径5.8～43.5μm），下部层分别为含黑锰矿微结核的硅质粘土和钙质软泥。有的实验中在硅质粘土或钙质软泥上面形成一层厚度为20～33μm黑锰矿结壳。这种结壳上表面的突起和埋藏型结核的表面相似，下表面的小突起里定向排列。
Manganese minerals are synthesized in synthetic seawater containing Cu, Co, Ni and organic solutions and different sediments (normal temperature and pressure) under the condition of 0 to 10 ° C in distilled water. The results show that the initial manganese ore is black manganese ore; control manganese mineral formation conditions, in addition to the necessary material sources, the decisive role is the formation of environmental pH and redox potential. Three sediments were produced in test tubes containing siliceous clay and calcareous sludge: the upper layer consisted primarily of ferromanganese (0.5-1.5 μm in diameter) ferromanganese and the middle layer was phenanthrene-ferromanganese and black manganese Micronuclei (particle size of 5.8 ~ 43.5μm), the lower layer were black manganese ore micro-nodules of siliceous clay and calcareous mud. Some experiments in the siliceous clay or calcareous mud above the formation of a thickness of 20 ~ 33μm black manganese crust. The protuberances on the upper surface of this crust are similar to the surface of the buried tuberculosis, with the small protrusions in the lower surface oriented.