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目的了解2011年新疆阿克苏地区手足口病的流行特征,为有效预防控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法依据卫生部《手足口病防治指南》(2010版)对医疗机构临床诊断为手足口病患者采集粪便,利用实时荧光技术进行病毒核酸检测。结果 2011年阿克苏地区59份病例样本,检出总肠道病毒核酸检测阳性51份,检出率为86.4%,年龄以4岁以下幼儿为主,占阳性总数的92.2%(47/51)。EV71型和CA16型阳性分别为检测阳性数的49%(25/51)和51%(26/51)。4～7月以EV71型肠道病毒感染为主,占检测阳性数的82.6%(19/23),8～12月以CA16型肠道病毒感染为主,占检测总阳性数的96.4%(27/28)。结论 2011年阿克苏地区手足口病以4岁以下婴幼儿为主,手足口病核酸检测总阳性率较高,流行毒株为EV71型和CA16型。RT-PCR法对手足口病的病原确定和预防控制有重要的指导作用。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Aksu, Xinjiang in 2011 and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods According to the Guidelines for the Prevention and Cure of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease (2010 Edition) issued by Ministry of Health, fecal samples were collected from patients with HFMD clinically diagnosed by medical institutions. Real-time fluorescence was used to detect viral nucleic acid. Results In 2011, a total of 51 cases of total enterovirus nucleic acid were detected in 59 cases in Aksu region. The detection rate was 86.4%. The age was less than 4 years old and accounted for 92.2% (47/51) of the total positive cases. Positives of EV71 and CA16 were 49% (25/51) and 51% (26/51) of positives, respectively. From April to July, EV71-type enterovirus infection was dominant, accounting for 82.6% (19/23) of the positive cases detected. In the period from December to December, CA16-type enterovirus infections were dominant, accounting for 96.4% of the total positive tests 27/28). Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in Aksu region was dominated by infants under 4 years of age in 2011. The total positive rate of nucleic acid in hand-foot-mouth disease was high. The epidemic strains were EV71 and CA16. RT-PCR method for the determination of foot and mouth disease pathogens and prevention and control have an important guiding role.