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需要开展新的研究来证实可能改善临床效果的新措施。这些措施包括：转向肠内方式输入营养物质，减少过多的热卡输入，利用营养物质达到药物治疗效果，使用生长因子增加营养物质的作用，于择期手术前应用营养物质，即进行预防性营养。对这些新进展的验证将使我们在未来把营养支持从一种辅助的疗法变成对病人治疗的首要或次要方式。“,”Objective New approaches to nutritional support are necessary to test therapies that may potentially enhance outcomes.Such approaches include the move to rely on the enteral route for nutrient delivery,the ability to reduce exogenous calories in our nutritional support systems,the need to utilize nutrients for their pharmacological effects,the ability to use growth factors to enhance nutrient efficacy,and the ability to institute nutritional supplementation before elective operations,thus practicing preventative nutrition.Testing these approaches in the years to come should allow us to identify modalities that will permit us to move away from nutritional therapy as a supportive modality and use it as a primary or secondary method fo patient care.