论文部分内容阅读
目的掌握中国临床术前和输血前患者艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性检出率分布及其变化趋势,为开展有针对性HIV防控提供理论依据。方法检索并提取2001-2015年中国临床术前和输血前人群HIV筛查数据,使用生态学分析描述其HIV感染率水平、分布特征和随时间的变化趋势。结果共纳入351篇符合要求的中文文献,临床术前和输血前患者筛查HIV总阳性率为0.14%(5 377/3 730 591)。研究对象HIV阳性率存在地区差异性,由高到低依次为西部0.35%(3807/1 083 693),中部0.09%(999/1 082 922);东南部0.05%(522/1 046 453);东北部0.01%(49/517 523)。研究对象HIV阳性率随研究时间呈上升趋势,从2001-2005年间0.08%(452/579 802)上升至2011-2015年间的0.17%(1 128/646 196)(趋势性P值<0.01)。除东北地区、高收入水平地区及HIV低流行水平地区外,其他区域研究对象的HIV阳性检出率随研究时间均呈上升趋势(趋势性P值均<0.01)。结论近年来中国多区域临床术前和输血前患者的HIV检出率水平较高且呈上升趋势,值得关注。相关部门需加强对其HIV疫情的监测和防控,并通过开展相关教育防止临床医务人员的HIV职业暴露。
Objective To understand the distribution and trend of HIV positive rate in Chinese preoperative and transfusion patients and provide a theoretical basis for targeted HIV prevention and control. Methods Retrieval and extraction of HIV screening data from pre-clinical and pre-transfusion populations in China from 2001 to 2015 and using ecological analysis to describe their HIV infection rates, distribution characteristics and trends over time. Results A total of 351 eligible Chinese articles were enrolled in this study. The total positive HIV screening rate before and before transfusion was 0.14% (5 377/3 730 591). There were regional differences in the positive rate of HIV among the study subjects, from high to low in the order of 0.35% (3807/1 083 693) in the west, 0.09% (999/1 082 922) in the middle and 0.05% (522/1 046 453) in the southeast; Northeast 0.01% (49/517 523). The prevalence of HIV in study subjects increased with the time of study, rising from 0.08% (452/579 802) in 2001-2005 to 0.17% (1 128/646 196) in 2011-2015 (trend P value <0.01). Except for Northeast China, high-income areas and areas with low prevalence of HIV, the positive rates of HIV infection in other regions showed an upward trend with time (all P <0.01). Conclusion In recent years, the detection rate of HIV in preoperative and pretransfusion patients in China’s multi-regional areas has been rising at a high level, which deserves our attention. Relevant departments need to strengthen the monitoring and prevention and control of their HIV epidemics, and through relevant education to prevent clinical staff HIV occupational exposure.