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目的探讨肾脏病患者多次反复输血对交叉配血的影响。方法采用微柱凝胶法、凝聚胺法对49例肾脏病患者进行交叉配血试验、抗体筛查、抗球蛋白(DAT)试验。结果 (1)输血2~5次的肾脏病患者交叉配血试验相合率显著高于输血6次以上的患者、抗体产生率显著低于输血6次以上的患者(P<0.05)。(2)输血2~5次的21例肾脏病患者微柱凝胶法中有2例不相合;凝聚胺法有1例不相合,两法试验结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)输血6次以上的28例肾脏病患者微柱凝胶法中有10例不相合;凝聚胺法有5例不相合,两法试验结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肾脏病患者配血相合率与输血次数呈负相关,与抗体产生率呈正相关;采用微柱凝胶法做交叉配血试验,可提高交叉配血结果的准确性,确保输血安全。
Objective To investigate the effect of repeated blood transfusion in patients with kidney disease on cross-matching blood. Methods The microcolumn gel method and polybrene method were used to test the cross matching blood test, antibody screening and anti-globulin (DAT) test in 49 patients with nephrotic syndrome. Results (1) The coincidence rate of crossmatch test in patients with renal disease who transfused from 2 to 5 times was significantly higher than that in patients who transfused blood more than 6 times. The antibody production rate was significantly lower than that in patients who transfused more than 6 times (P <0.05). (2) Two cases of 21 patients with nephropathy who transfused blood from 2 to 5 times did not fit in the microcolumn gel method. There was 1 case of uncooperative polybrene method. There was no significant difference between the two methods (P> 0.05). (3) There were 10 cases in 28 cases with renal disease who were transfused more than 6 times, and 10 cases did not accord with the method of agglutination. There were 5 cases which did not accord with the method of agglutination. The difference between the two methods was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions There is a negative correlation between the co-occlusion rate and the number of transfusions in patients with kidney disease, which is positively correlated with the antibody production rate. Cross-matching blood test with micro-column gel method can improve the accuracy of blood cross-matching and ensure blood transfusion safety.