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Nephrin是肾小球裂孔膜上发现的第一个跨膜蛋白,是细胞粘附分子中的免疫球蛋白超家族成员,参与肾脏滤过屏障的正常发育并维持其正常功能。糖尿病肾病患者中存在该基因的异常或是mRNA表达的变化,使肾滤过膜结构与屏障功能完整性破坏,最终导致大量蛋白尿产生。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂及血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂可缓解糖尿病肾病患者中,nephrin表达的减少,其机制未明。
Nephrin is the first transmembrane protein found on the glomerular pore membrane and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules that participates in the normal development of the renal filtration barrier and maintains its normal function. In patients with diabetic nephropathy, abnormalities in the gene or changes in mRNA expression exist, resulting in the destruction of the integrity of the renal filtration membrane structure and barrier function, eventually leading to a large amount of proteinuria. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists can reduce the nephrin expression in patients with diabetic nephropathy, the mechanism is unknown.