Fe_3O_4纳米粒子与离子型改性剂N,N-二癸基-N-甲基-N-三甲氧基硅正丙基氯化铵进行接枝反应,再采用反离子脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的长链阴离子交换Cl~-,在Fe_3O_4纳米粒子表面得到具有阴、阳离子双电层结构的表面处理层,制备出了无溶剂Fe_3O_4纳米流体。分析结果表明,表面处理层已成功地接枝在Fe_3O_4纳米粒子表面,改性的Fe_3O_4纳米粒子呈单分散,其损耗剪切模量G″明显大于储能剪切模量G′,并具有明显的流体行为,室温下存放一年状态稳定,流动性良好。 Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles and ionic modifier N, N-didecyl-N-methyl-N-trimethoxysilane n-propyl ammonium chloride grafting reaction, and then using the anionic alcohol ethoxylates The long chain anion exchange of Cl ~ - of the acid salt gave a surface treatment layer with a double-layer structure of anion and cation on the surface of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles. The solvent-free Fe_3O_4 nanofluid was prepared. The results show that the surface treatment layer has been grafted onto the surface of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles. The modified Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles are monodispersed. The loss modulus G "is obviously larger than the storage shear modulus G ’ The fluid behavior, stored at room temperature for one year in stable condition, good liquidity.