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目的 探讨大肠息肉的分布、大小、组织形态学特征与息肉癌变的关系。方法 回顾性分析经内镜诊治的２０００ 例良、恶性息肉的内镜、病理与临床资料。结果 共诊治息肉２０００ 例，２８９６ 枚，息肉恶变１０３ 例。左半结肠２２１２ 例，占总数８２－５ ％ ，癌变息肉８５ 例，占癌变总数８２％ ．宽基息肉癌变率高，与亚蒂、短蒂、长蒂息肉相比差异有统计学意义。直径大于２－０ｃｍ 的息肉癌变率１５－７ ％ ，１ ～２ｃｍ 为２－８１ ％ 。绒毛状腺瘤癌变率２１－２９ ％ ，管状腺瘤１－０３ ％ ，混合状腺瘤９－５２ ％ 。结论 远端大肠息肉、宽基息肉、直径大于２－０ｃｍ 息肉、绒毛状腺瘤易恶变。发现大肠息肉，不论大小，尽量内镜治疗，全瘤送检。内镜切除息肉是防治大肠癌的最有效的手段之一。
Objective To investigate the distribution, size, and histomorphological characteristics of colorectal polyps in relation to polyposis. Methods The endoscopic, pathological and clinical data of 2000 benign and malignant polyps diagnosed and treated by endoscopy were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 2000 cases of polyps were diagnosed and treated, 2896 pieces of polyps and 103 cases of malignant polyps. 2212 cases of left colon, accounting for a total of 82-5 percent, cancerous polyps in 85 cases, accounting for 82% of the total number of cancer. Wide-base polyposis has a high cancer rate, which is statistically significant compared with Yadi, short pedicle, and long pedunculated polyps. The polyposis with a diameter greater than 2-0cm has a cancerous rate of 15-7%, and 1- 2cm is 2-81%. The villous adenoma has a cancerous rate of 21-29%, tubular adenoma 1-03%, and mixed adenoma 9-52%. Conclusions distal colorectal polyps, wide-base polyps, polyps greater than 2-0cm in diameter, and villous adenomas are susceptible to malignant transformation. The discovery of colorectal polyps, regardless of size, as far as possible endoscopic treatment, all tumors submitted. Endoscopic resection of polyps is one of the most effective means to prevent colorectal cancer.