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1949年以来,中国电视转型在国家—市场二元框架之内进行,导致了电视运营体系的结构化偏向。学界对电视转型的研究以经济指标为标杆,着力探寻电视产业化、集团化过程中面临的障碍和解决之道,忽视了对电视转型逻辑出发点的质疑。本文以电视运营体系的重新厘定为基础,对中国电视转型过程中的节目生产状况进行历史考量,进而分析市场化偏向对公共利益及公共服务的遮蔽。本文认为,在中国电视改革的深化阶段,应以公众的具体需求和期待为核心,将公众利益纳入改革的视野,从而构建符合公众需求的电视公共服务体系。
Since 1949, the transformation of China’s television industry within the framework of a country-market dualism has led to the structural bias of the television operating system. The academic research on TV transition takes the economic indicators as the benchmark, tries its best to explore the obstacles and solutions in the process of TV industrialization and collectivization, and neglects to question the starting point of TV transition logic. Based on the redefinition of the TV operation system, this article makes a historical consideration of the program production in the process of TV transition in China, and then analyzes how the marketization tends to obscure the public interest and public services. This paper argues that in the deepening phase of China’s television reform, we should focus on the specific needs and expectations of the public, and bring the public interest into the perspective of reform so as to build a TV public service system that meets the needs of the public.